2007年5月現在
Satake, K. Tsunamis, in Treatise on Geophysics, vol. 4, Elsevier, in press.
Satake, K., Volcanic origin of the 1741 Oshima-Oshima tsunami in Japan Sea, Earth Planets Space,
accepted.
Annaka, T., K. Satake, T. Sakakiyama, K. Yanagisawa and N. Shuto, Logic-tree approach for
probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis and its applications to the Japanese coasts, Pure Applied
Geophys., 164, 577-592, 2007.
Satake, K.. E. A. Okal and J. C. Borrero, Tsunami and its hazard in the Indian and Pacific Oceans:
Introduction, Pure Applied Geophys., 164, 249-259, 2007.
Satake, K. and B. F. Atwater, Long-term perspectives on giant earthquakes and tsunamis at
subduction zones, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet Sci., 35, 349-274, 2007.
Nawa, K., N. Suda, K. Satake. Y. Fujii, T. Sato, K. Doi, M. Kanao and K. Shibuya, Loading and
gravitational effects of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami at Syowa station, Antarctica, Bull.
Seism. Soc. Am., 97, S271-S278, 2007.
Fujii, Y. and K. Satake, Tsunami source of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake inferred from tide
gauge and satellite data, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 97, S192-S207, 2007.
Bilek, S.L., K. Satake, and K. Sieh, Introduction to the Special Issue on the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman
Earthquake and the Indian Ocean Tsunami, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 97, S1-S5, 2007.
Kayanne, H., Y. Ikeda, T, Echigo, M. Shishikura, T. Kamataki, K. Satake, J. N. Malik, S. R. Basir,
G. K. Chakrabortty, A. K. Ghosh Roy, Coseismic and postseismic creep in the Andaman Islands
associated with the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01310,
doi:10.129/2006GL028200, 2007.
Fujii, Y. and K. Satake, Source of the July 2006 West Java tsunami estimated from tide gauge
records, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L24317, doi:10.129/2006GL028049, 2006.
Nakamura, R., K. Satake, S. Toda, T. Uetake, and S. Kamiya, Three-dimensional attenuation (Qs)
structure beneath the Kanto district, Japan, as inferred from strong motion records, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 33, L21304, doi:10.129/2006GL027352, 2006.
Kelsey, H., K. Satake, Y. Sawai, B. Sherrod, K. Shimokawa and M. Shishikura, Recurrence of
postseismic coastal uplift, Kuril subduction zone, Japan, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L13315,
doi:10.129/2006GL025052, 2006.
Satake, K., K. Hirata, S. Yamaki and Y. Tanioka, Re-examination of tsunami source of the 1952
Tokachi-oki earthquake, Earth Planets Space, 58, 535-542, 2006.
Satake, K., Than Tin Aung, Y. Sawai, Y. Okamura, Kyaw Soe Wing, Wing Swe, Chit Swe, Tint Lwin Swe,
Soe Thura Tun, Maung Maung Soe, Thant Zin Oo, and Saw Htwe Zaw, Tsunami heights and damage along
the Myanmar coast from the December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, Earth Planets Space,
58, 243-252, 2006.
Tanioka, Y., Yudhicara, T. Kusunose, S. Kathiroli, Y. Nishimura, S.-I. Iwasaki and K. Satake,
Rupture process of the 2004 great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake estimated from tsunami waveforms,
Earth Planets Space, 58, 203-209, 2006.
Hirata, K., K. Satake, Y. Tanioka, T. Kuragano, Y. Hasegawa, Y. Hayashi, and N. Hamada, The 2004
Indian Ocean tsunami: Tsunami source model from satellite altimetry, Earth Planets Space,
58, 195-201, 2006.
Okamura, Y., K. Satake, K. Ikehara, A. Takeuchi, and K. Arai,
Paleoseismology of deep-sea faults based on marine surveys of northern
Okushiri ridge in the Japan Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B09105,
doi:10.1029/2004JB003135, 2005.
Lay, T., H. Kanamori, C. J. Ammon, M. Nettles, S. N. Ward, R. C.
Aster, S. L. Beck, S. L. Bilek, M. R. Brudzinski, R. Butler, H. R.
DeShon, G. Ekström,
K. Satake and S. Sipkin, The great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake of 26
December 2004, Science, 308, 1127-1133, 2005.
Satake, K., F. Nanayama, S. Yamaki, Y. Tanioka, and K. Hirata,
Variability among tsunami sources in the 17th-21st centuries along the
southern Kuril trench, in K. Satake (ed.), Tsunamis: Case Studies and
Recent Developments, Springer, 157-170, 2005.
Satake, K., T. Baba, K. Hirata, S.-I. Iwasaki, T. Kato, S. Koshimura,
J. Takenaka, and Y. Terada, Tsunami source of the 2004 off the Kii
Peninsula earthquakes inferred from offshore tsunami and coastal tide
gauges, Earth Planets Space, 57, 173-178, 2005.
Sawai, Y., K. Satake, T. Kamataki, H. Nasu, M. Shishikura, B.F.
Atwater, B.P. Horton, H. Kelsey, T. Nagumo and M. Yamaguchi, Transient
uplift after a 17th-century earthquake along the Kuril subduction
zone, Science, 306, 1918-1920, 2004.
Satake, K. Detection of Kuril Subduction-Zone Earthquakes from Remote
Historic Records in Honshu, Japan, between 1656 and 1867, Annals
Geophysics, 47, 369-378, 2004.
Hirata, K., Y. Tanioka, K. Satake, S. Yamaki, and E. L. Geist, The
tsunami source area of the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake estimated from
tsunami travel times and its relationship to the 1952 Tokachi-oki
earthquake, Earth Planets Space, 56, 367-372, 2004.
Atwater, B.F., Furukawa, R., Hemphill-Haley, E., Ikeda, Y., Kashima,
K., Kawase, K., Kelsey, H.M., Moore, A.L., Nanayama, F., Nishimura,
Y., Odagiri, S., Ota, Y., Park, S.-C., Satake, K., Sawai, Y., and
Shimokawa, K., 2004, Seventeenth-century uplift in eastern Hokkaido,
Japan, The Holocene, 14, 487-501, 2004
Satake, K, K. Wang, and B.F. Atwater, Fault Slip and Seismic Moment of
the 1700 Cascadia Earthquake Inferred from Japanese Tsunami
Descriptions, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (B4), 2196, doi: J. Geophys. Res.,
108 (B11), 2535, doi:10.129/2003JB00252, 2003.
Satake, K. and Y. Tanioka, The July 1998 Papua New Guinea Earthquake:
Mechanism and Quantification of Unusual Tsunami Generation, Pure
Applied Geophys., 160, 2087-2118, 2003.
Nanayama F, K. Satake, R. Furukawa, K. Shimokawa, B.F. Atwater, K.
Shigeno, and S. Yamaki, Unusually large earthquakes inferred from
tsunami deposits along the Kuril trench, nature, 424 (6949): 660-663,
2003
Hirata K, E. Geist, K. Satake, Y. Tanioka and S. Yamaki, Slip
distribution of the 1952 Tokachi-Oki earthquake (M 8.1) along the
Kuril Trench deduced from tsunami waveform inversion. J. Geophys.
Res., 108 (B4), 2196, doi:10.129/2002JB001976, 2003.
Hirata, K., H. Takahashi, E. Geist, K. Satake, Y. Tanioka, H. Sugioka
and H. Mikada, Source depth dependence of micro-tsunamis recorded with
ocean-bottom pressure gauges: the January 28, 2000 Mw 6.8 earthquake
off Nemuro Peninsula, Japan, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 208, 305-318,
2003.
Satake, K., Tsunamis, in W.H. K. Lee, H. Kanamori, P. C. Jennings, and
C. Kisslinger (eds.) International Handbook of Earthquake and
Engineering Seismology, 81A, 437-451, 2002.
Satake, K., J.R. Smith and K. Shinozaki, Three-dimensional
reconstruction and tsunami model of the Nuuanu and Wailau landslides,
Hawaii, in Takahashi, E., P. Lipman, M. Garcia, J. Naka and S. Aramaki
(eds.) Hawaiian Volcanoes: Deep Underwater Perspectives. Geophysical
Monograph, 128, 333-346, 2002.
Smith, J.R., K. Satake, K. Suyehiro, Deepwater multibeam sonar surveys
along the southeastern Hawaiian Ridge: guide to the CD-ROM, in
Takahashi, E., P. Lipman, M. Garcia, J. Naka and S. Aramaki (eds.)
Hawaiian Volcanoes: Deep Underwater Perspectives. Geophysical
Monograph, 128, 3-9, 2002.
Smith, J.R., K. Satake, J.K. Morgan, and P.W. Lipman, Submarine
landslides and volcanic features on Kohala and Mauna Kea volcanoes and
the Hana ridge, Hawaii, in Takahashi, E., P. Lipman, M. Garcia, J.
Naka and S. Aramaki (eds.) Hawaiian Volcanoes: Deep Underwater
Perspectives. Geophysical Monograph, 128, 11-28, 2002.
Clague, D.A., K.Uto, K. Satake and A.S. Davies, Eruption style and
flow emplacement in the submarine North Arch volcanic field, Hawaii,
in Takahashi, E., P. Lipman, M. Garcia, J. Naka and S. Aramaki (eds.)
Hawaiian Volcanoes: Deep Underwater Perspectives. Geophysical
Monograph, 128, 65-84, 2002.
Atwater, B.A., D. Baker, W.A. Barnhardt, K.S. Burrell, M. Cisternas,
V., T. Haraguchi, B. Higman, R.E. Kayen, D. Minasian, T. Nakata, K.
Satake, K. Shimokawa, K. Takada, Ground sediment slices show signs of
earthquake shaking, Eos, Trans. AGU, 82, 603, 2001.
Tanioka, Y. and K. Satake, Detailed coseismic slip distribution of the
1944 Tonankai earthquake estimated from tsunami waveforms, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 28, 1075-1078, 2001.
Tanioka, Y. and K. Satake, Coseismic slip distribution of the 1946
Nankai earthquake and aseismic slips caused by the earthquake, Earth
Planets Space, 53, 235-241, 2001.
Satake, K. and Y. Kato, The 1741 Oshima-Oshima Eruption: Extent and
Volume of Submarine Debris Avalanche, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28,
427-430, 2001.
Ichinose, G.A., J.G.Anderson, K. Satake, R.A.Schweickert and M.M.
Lahren, The potential hazard from tsunami and seiche waves generated
by large earthquakes within Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 27, 1203-1206, 2000.
Nanayama, K., K.Shigeno, K.Satake, K. Shimokawa, S. Koitabashi, S, Miyasaka and M. Ishii,
Sedimentary differences between the 1993 Hokkaido-nansei-oki tsunami and the 1959 Miyakojima
typhoon at Taisei, southwestern Hokkaido, northern Japan, Sedimentary Geology, 135,
255-264, 2000.
Naka, J., E.Takahashi, D.Clague, M.Garcia, T.Hanyu, E.Herrero-Bervera,
J.Ishibashi, O.Ishizuka, K. Johnson, T.Kanamatsu, I.Kaneoka,P.Lipman,
A.Malahoff, G.McMurty, B. Midson, J. Moore, J. Morgan, T.Naganuma,
K.Nakajima, T. Oomori, A. Pietruszka, K.Satake, D.Sherrod, T. Shibata,
K. Shinozaki, T. Sisson, J. Smith, S.Takarada, C.Thornber, F.
Trusdell, N. Tsuboyama, T. Ui, S.Umino, K. Uto and H. Yokose,
Tectono-magmatic Processes investigated at deep-water flanks of
Hawaiian volcanoes, Eos, Trans. American Geophys. Union, 81, 221,
226-227, 2000.
Ma,K.-F., H. Kanamori and K. Satake, Mechanism of the 1975 Kalapana,
Hawaii, earthquake inferred from tsunami data, J. Geophys. Res., 104,
13,153-13,167, 1999.
Tappin, D.R., T,Matsumoto, P.Watts, K. Satake, G.M. McMurty, M.
Matsuyama, Y.Lafoy, Y. Tsuji. T. Kanamatsu, W. Lus, Y. Iwabuchi, H.
Yeh, Y.Matsumoto, M. Nakamura, M. Mahoi, P. Hill, K. Crook, L. Anton,
and J.P. Walsh, Sediment slump likely caused 1998 Papua New Guinea
tsunami, Eos, Trans. American Geophys. Union, 80, 329,334,340, 1999.
Johnson, J.M. and K. Satake, Asperity distribution of the 1952 great
Kamchatka earthquake and its relation to future earthquake potential
in Kamchatka, Pure and Applied Geophys. 154, 541-553, 1999.
Satake, K. and Y. Tanioka, Sources of tsunami and tsunamigenic
earthquakes in subduction zones, Pure and Applied Geophys. 154,
467-483, 1999.
佐竹健治，須貝俊彦，寒川 旭，柳田 誠，横田 裕，岩崎孝明，小俣雅志，石川 玲，奈良県金剛断層系の構造と最新活動時期，地震，2, 52,
65-79, 1999．
都司嘉宣，上田和枝，佐竹健治，日本で記録された1700年 1月（元禄十二年十二月）北米巨大地震による津波，地震，51, 1-17,
1998．
Satake, K. and Y. Tanioka, Inverse and forward modeling of the 1993
Hokkaido tsunami, in G. Hebenstreit (ed.), Perspectives on Tsunami
Hazard Reduction - Observations, Theory, and Planning, Kluwer Academic
Publishers, 99-113, 1997.
Johnson, M.J., and K. Satake, Asperity distribution of
Alaskan-Aleutian earthquakes: implications for seismic and tsunami
hazards, in G. Hebenstreit (ed.), Perspectives on Tsunami Hazard
Reduction - Observations, Theory, and Planning, Kluwer Academic
Publishers, 67-81, 1997.
Tanioka, Y., L. Ruff and K. Satake, What controls the lateral
variation of large earthquake occurrence along the Japan Trench? The
Island Arc, 6, 261-266, 1997.
Johnson, M.J., and K. Satake, Estimation of seismic moment and slip
distribution of the 1 April 1946 Aleutian tsunami earthquake, J.
Geophys. Res., 102, 11765-11774, 1997.
Johnson, M.J., and K. Satake, The 1965 Rat Islands earthquake: a
critical comparison of seismic and tsunami wave inversions, Bull.
Seism. Soc. Am., 86, 1229-1237, 1996.
Tanioka, Y. and K. Satake, Fault parameters of the 1896 Sanriku
tsunami earthquake estimated from tsunami numerical modeling, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 23, 1549-1522, 1996.
Tanioka, Y., L. Ruff and K. Satake, The Sanriku-oki, Japan, earthquake
of December 28, 1994 (Mw 7.7): Rupture of a different asperity from a
previous earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 1465-1468, 1996.
Tanioka, Y. and K. Satake, Tsunami generation by horizontal
displacement of ocean bottom, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 861-864, 1996.
Johnson, J.M., K. Satake, S. R. Holdahl, J. Sauber, The 1964 Prince
William Sound earthquake: Joint inversion of tsunami and geodetic
data, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 523-532, 1996.
Satake, K., K. Shimazaki, Y. Tsuji and K. Ueda, Time and size of a
giant earthquake in Cascadia inferred from Japanese tsunami records of
January 1700, Nature, 379, 246-249, 1996.
Tanioka, Y., K. Satake, and L. Ruff, Seismotectonics of the April 25,
1992, Petrolia earthquake and the Mendocino triple junction region,
Tectonics, 14, 1095-1103, 1995.
Tanioka, Y., K. Satake and L. Ruff, Analysis of seismological and
tsunami data from the 1993 Guam earthquake. Pure and Applied
Geophysics (also a book "Tsunamis: 1992-94"), 144, 823-837, 1995.
Satake, K. and Y. Tanioka, Tsunami generation of the 1993 Hokkaido
Nansei-oki earthquake. Pure and Applied Geophysics (also a book
"Tsunamis: 1992-94"), 144, 803-821, 1995.
Johnson, J.M., Y. Tanioka, K. Satake and L.J. Ruff, Two 1993 Kamchatka
earthquakes. Pure and Applied Geophysics (also a book "Tsunamis:
1992-94"),144, 633-647, 1995.
Hidayat, D., J.S. Barker and K. Satake, Modeling the seismic source
and tsunami generation of the December 12, Flores Island, Indonesia,
earthquake. Pure and Applied Geophysics (also a book "Tsunamis:
1992-94"), 144, 537-554, 1995.
Satake, K., Linear and non-linear computations of the 1992 Nicaragua
earthquake tsunami. Pure and Applied Geophysics (also a book
"Tsunamis: 1992-94"), 144, 455-470, 1995.
Gonzalez, F.I., K. Satake, E.F. Boss and H.O. Mofjeld, Edge wave and
non-trapped modes of the 25 April 1992 Cape Mendocino tsunami. Pure
and Applied Geophysics (also a book "Tsunamis: 1992-94"), 144,
409-426, 1995.
Tanioka, Y., L. Ruff, and K. Satake, The great Kuril earthquake of
October 4, 1994 tore the slab, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1661-1664,
1995.
Gonzalez, F.I., E. N. Bernard and K. Satake, The Cape Mendocino
tsunami, 25 April 1992. Y. Tsuchiya and N. Shuto (eds.), Tsunami:
Progress in Prediction, Disaster Prevention and Warning, Kluwer
Academic Publishers, 151-158, 1995.
Nomanbhoy, N. and K. Satake, Generation mechanism of tsunamis from the
1883 Krakatau eruption. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 509-512, 1995.
Tanioka, Y., K. Satake, and L. Ruff, Total analysis of the 1993
Hokkaido Nansei-oki earthquake using seismic wave, tsunami and
geodetic data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 9-12, 1995.
Satake, K. Mechanism of the 1992 Nicaragua tsunami earthquake.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2519-2522, 1994.
Johnson, J.M., Y. Tanioka, L.J. Ruff, K. Satake, H. Kanamori and L.
Sykes, The 1957 great Aleutian earthquake. Pure and Applied
Geophysics, 142, 3-28, 1994.
Tanioka, Y., K. Satake, L. Ruff and F. Gonzalez, Fault parameters and
tsunami excitation of the May 13, 1993, Shumagin Islands earthquake.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 967-970, 1994.
Johnson, J.M. and K. Satake, Rupture extent of the 1938 Alaskan
earthquake as inferred from tsunami waveforms. Geophys. Res. Lett.,
21, 733-736, 1994.
Kikuchi, M., H. Kanamori and K. Satake, Source complexity of the 1988
Armenia earthquake: evidence for a slow after-slip event. J. Geophys.
Res., 98, 15797-15808, 1993.
Johnson, J.M. and K. Satake, Source parameters of the 1957 Aleutian
earthquake from tsunami waveforms .Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1487-1490,
1993.
Oppenheimer, D., G. Beroza, G. Carver, L. Denglar, J. Eaton, L. Gee,
F. Gonzalez, A. Jayko, W.H. Li, M. Lisowski, M. Magee, G. Marshall, M.
Murray, R.McPherson, B. Romanowicz, K. Satake, R. Simpson, P.
Somerville, R. Stein and D. Valentine, The cape Mendocino earthquake
sequence of April, 1992. Science, 261, 433-438, 1993.
Satake, K., J. Bourgeois, Ku. Abe, Ka. Abe, Y. Tsuji, F. Imamura, Y.
Iio, H. Katao, E. Noguera and F. Estrada, Tsunami field survey of the
1992 Nicaragua earthquake. Eos, Trans. American Geophys. Union, 74,
145-157, 1993.
Satake, K. Depth distribution of coseismic slip along the Nankai
trough, Japan, from joint inversion of geodetic and tsunami data. J.
Geophys. Res, 98, 4553-4565, 1993.
Satake, K. and P. G. Somerville, Location and size of the 1927 Lompoc,
California, earthquake from tsunami data. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 82,
1710-1725, 1992.
Satake, K., Y. Yoshida, and K. Abe, Tsunami from the Mariana
earthquake of April 5, 1990: its abnormal propagation and implications
to tsunami potential from outer-rise earthquakes. Geophys. Res. Lett.,
19, 301-304, 1992.
Yoshida, Y., K. Satake, and K. Abe, The large normal-faulting Mariana
earthquake of April 5, 1990 in uncoupled subduction zone. Geophys.
Res. Lett., 19, 297-300, 1992.
Satake, K. and H. Kanamori, Abnormal tsunamis caused by the June 13,
1984 Torishima, Japan, earthquake. J. Geophys. Res, 96, 19933-19939,
1991.
Ma, K-F. K. Satake and H. Kanamori, The origin of the tsunami excited
by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 81,
1396-1397, 1991.
Satake, K. and H. Kanamori, Use of tsunami waveforms for earthquake
source study. Natural Hazards, 4, 193-208, 1991.
Ma, K-F. K. Satake and H. Kanamori, The origin of the tsunami excited
by the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake-Faulting or slumping. Geophys. Res.
Lett., 18, 637-640, 1991.
Kanamori, H. and K Satake, Broadband study of the 1989 Loma Prieta
earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1179-1182, 1990.
Satake, K. and H. Kanamori, Fault parameters and tsunami excitation of
the May 23, 1989 Macquarie Ridge earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett., 17,
997-1000, 1990.
Satake, K., Inversion of tsunami waveforms for the estimation of
heterogeneous fault motion of large submarine earthquakes: 1968
Tokachi-oki and 1983 Japan Sea earthquakes. J. Geophys. Res., 94,
5627-5636, 1989.
Satake, K. and T. Hashida, Three-dimensional attenuation structure
beneath the North Island, New Zealand. Tectonophysics, 159, 181-194,
1989.
Satake, K., M. Okada, and K. Abe, Tide gauge response to tsunamis:
measurements at 40 tide gauge stations in Japan. J. Marine Res., 46,
557-571, 1988.
Satake, K. and K. Shimazaki, Detectability of very slow earthquake
from tide gauge records. Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 665-668, 1988.
Satake, K. and K. Shimazaki, Free oscillation of the Japan Sea excited
by earthquakes. II. Modal approach and synthetic tsunamis. Geophys.
J., 93, 457-463, 1988.
Satake, K. and K. Shimazaki, Free oscillation of the Japan Sea excited
by earthquakes. I. Observation and wave-theoretical approach. Geophys.
J., 93, 451-456, 1988.
Satake, K., Effects of bathymetry on tsunami propagation: application
of ray tracing to tsunamis. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 126, 27-36,
1988.
Satake, K. and K. Shimazaki, Computation of tsunami waveforms by a
superposition of normal modes. J. Phys. Earth, 35, 409-414, 1987.
Satake, K., Inversion of tsunami waveforms for the estimation of a
fault heterogeneity: method and numerical experiments. J. Phys. Earth,
35, 241-254, 1987.
Kuge, K. and K. Satake, Lateral segmentation within the subducting
lithosphere -3-D structure beneath the North Island, New Zealand.
Tectonophysics, 138, 223-237, 1987.
Satake, K., Re-examination of the 1940 Shakotan-oki earthquake and the
fault parameters of the earthquakes along the eastern margin of the
Japan Sea. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 43, 137-147, 1986.
Satake, K., Effects of station coverage on moment tensor inversion.
Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 75, 1657-1667, 1985.
Satake, K., The mechanism of the 1983 Japan Sea earthquake as inferred
from long-period surface waves and tsunamis. Phys. Earth Planet.
Inter., 37, 249-260, 1985.
Satake, K. and K. Abe, A fault model for the Niigata, Japan,
earthquake of June 16, 1964. J. Phys. Earth, 31, 217-223, 1983.
